A Best Practice Guide to Cybersecurity for Nonprofits

In today's digital age, cybersecurity is a critical concern for organizations of all sizes and sectors. Nonprofits, in particular, are not exempt from the risks associated with cyber threats. As nonprofits handle sensitive information and often operate on limited budgets, it's imperative for these organizations to be proactive in safeguarding their digital assets. In this best practice guide, we'll delve into some of the key aspects of cybersecurity that nonprofits should consider.

Understanding Cybersecurity

Cybersecurity encompasses practices, technologies, and processes designed to protect digital systems, networks, and data from unauthorized access, theft, or damage. It's a multifaceted discipline that includes a range of policies, tools, and awareness programs aimed at ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of digital assets.

Cybersecurity Risks for Nonprofits

Nonprofits face a unique set of cybersecurity risks. These may include but not limited to:

1. Data Breaches: Nonprofits often handle sensitive information, such as client records or donor details. A breach could lead to reputational damage and legal repercussions.

2. Phishing Attacks: Cybercriminals may impersonate trusted sources to trick employees into revealing private and confidential information.

3. Ransomware: Malicious software can encrypt critical files, resulting in the demand of a ransom for their release.

4. Insider Threats: Employees or volunteers with access to sensitive information could misuse or leak it.

Best Practices for Nonprofit Cybersecurity

1. Employee Training and Awareness

It is crucial to educate employees on cybersecurity best practices. Conduct regular training sessions covering topics like identifying phishing emails, creating strong passwords, avoiding visiting certain websites and recognizing suspicious activities.

2. Strong Password Policies

Enforce the use of complex, unique passwords and consider implementing multi-factor authentication for added security.

3. Regular Software Updates and Patch Management

Ensure that all software and applications are up to date to protect against known vulnerabilities that cybercriminals may exploit.

4. Data Encryption

Encrypt sensitive data, both in transit and at rest, to protect it from unauthorized access.

5. Firewall and Antivirus Protection

Install and regularly update firewalls and antivirus software to detect and prevent malicious activity.

6. Regular Data Backups

Frequently back up critical data to an offsite location. In the event of a cyberattack, this ensures that important information is not lost. Additionally, ensure that you are testing the backup regularly, at least on an annual basis.

7. Access Control

Limit access to sensitive information only to those who need it and implement role-based access controls.

Cultivating Cyber Awareness Among Employees

Encourage a culture of cybersecurity awareness within your nonprofit. Foster an environment where employees feel comfortable reporting suspicious activities and provide them with resources to stay informed about emerging threats.

Preventing Cyberattacks

To prevent or limit the risk of a cyber threats, nonprofits should:

• Implement a Security Policy: Develop a comprehensive cybersecurity policy outlining acceptable use, incident reporting, and response procedures.

• Conduct Risk Assessments: Regularly assess potential vulnerabilities and areas of improvement in your organization's cybersecurity infrastructure. This will allow for timely identification of vulnerabilities and implementation of the respective controls and mitigation.

Choosing a Cybersecurity Service Provider

When selecting a cybersecurity service provider, consider the following:

• Experience and Expertise: Look for providers with a track record of successfully assisting organizations similar to yours.

• Compliance and Certifications: Ensure they meet industry standards and have relevant certifications.

• Scalability: Choose a provider that can adapt to your organization's changing needs.

Responding to a Cybersecurity Attack

In the unfortunate event of a cyberattack, nonprofits should:

1. Isolate and Contain: Immediately isolate affected systems to prevent further damage.

2. Report the Incident: Notify relevant authorities and any affected parties.

3. Preserve Evidence: Document the attack and any evidence for potential legal action.

4. Restore and Recover: Restore affected systems from backups and implement additional security measures.

Keep in mind that cybersecurity is an ongoing process. Stay vigilant, adapt to evolving threats, and regularly review and update your security measures to keep your nonprofit's digital assets safe. By doing so, you'll not only protect your organization but also the invaluable work it does for the community. For additional information please visit the Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security (CISA) Agency website. 

Authored by:

Kadian Douglas, M.Ed., CPA, CISA